The changes will apply from January 1, 2014, when banks will begin reporting these figures to the European Commission. The details will be made fully public from 2015.
The legislation also places a cap on bankers' bonuses, establishes new capital requirements and introduces a set of prudential rules. It must now be formally approved by the Council of Ministers.
A separate agreement on a single banking supervisor was brokered by the Irish Presidency this week, described as a major step towards banking union by Irish Finance Minister Michael Noonan. A political declaration reaffirming member states' commitment to the proposed union accompanied the deal.
