Relaxed Incorporation Requirements
The Zone cancels out the minimum registration capital of RMB30,000 for limited liability companies, the RMB100,000 minimum for single shareholder companies, and the RMB5 million minimum for joint stock companies. Moreover, the Shanghai FTZ has implemented a new capital registration system under which foreign investors are no longer required to contribute 15-percent capital within three months and full capital within two years of the FIE establishment.
Shareholders of companies established in the Zone may agree upon the contribution amount, forms, and period of contribution at their own discretion. However, shareholders are still liable for the authenticity and legality of capital contributions and will be held accountable to the company within the limits of their respective subscribed capital or shares. The new system has been proven feasible, with the Zone receiving substantial actual capital contribution in the past three months, and was rolled out nationwide on March 1, 2014.
Negative List
The Shanghai FTZ adopts a Negative List approach towards foreign investment management, which specifies restrictions or bans on certain types of foreign investment. Under this approach, foreign investment projects on the Negative List are subject to pre-approval procedures, while foreign investors wishing to set up an FIE in a field not listed need only undergo record-filing procedures with the authorities. The list covers 1,069 businesses in 89 divisions under18 industries, including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery; mining; manufacturing; production and supply industries for power, gas and water; construction; and wholesale and retail industries.
This is a big step forward compared to the current Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue (positive list) implemented outside of the Zone, under which the procedures for setting up an FIE are complicated and time consuming, involving verification, approval, and registration with the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, and the State Administration for Industry and Commerce or their local branches, respectively.
One-stop Application Processing
Similar to procedures for setting up a company elsewhere in China, investors in the Shanghai FTZ must first carry out a company registration in order to obtain a business license. To unburden investors from long and tedious administrative approval procedures, the Shanghai FTZ has established unique to the Zone a ne-stop application processing platform for company establishment. Under this platform, all application materials will be submitted and handled through the industry and commerce authority (AIC) in the Zone. The approval and filing procedures will be conducted via inter-departmental circulation, after which the various licenses and certificates (including the business license, enterprise code certificate, and tax registration certificate) will be issued to the applicant(s) altogether by the AIC. This means applicants may obtain all necessary documents for company establishment in one place, contrasting with outside the zone where applicants must run around between different authorities for the issuance of various certificates. This effectively reduces the time taken to establish a company in the zone.
The one-stop acceptance platform generally works in the same way for both domestic and foreign investors. The only difference is that foreign investors are required to check their business scope against the negative list to see which procedure they have to go through. According to the local government, the business license, enterprise code certificate, and tax registration certificate can be issued in four working days once an application is accepted. However, due to the large number of company establishment applications in the zone, the actual process may take more than a month.
